What is Switch statement ?
Switch statement is used to allow the value of a variable to change the control flow of program execution.
How does Switch Case statement works ?
When the variable is equal to one of the cases, the statements for that case is executed.
How Switch Case is used ?
1. Duplicate case values are not allowed.
2. The value of the variable and the value of the case should be of same data-type.
3. The value for a case must be a constant or a literal.Variables are not allowed.
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Syntax :
switch(expression){
case value1:
// Piece of code to be executed;
break;
case value2:
// Piece of code to be executed;
break;
case value3:
// Piece of code to be executed;
break;
case value4:
// Piece of code to be executed;
break;
case value5:
// Piece of code to be executed;
break;
default:
// Piece of code to be executed if all the values are not matched;
}
Break statement :
The break statement is used inside the switch to terminate a statement sequence, it is an optional statement.
Default statement :
The default statement is optional, and it must appear at the end of the switch.
1. For Integer values
Example :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<script>
var a = 5;
switch(a){
case 1:
document.write("The value of a = 1");
break;
case 2:
document.write("The value of a = 2");
break;
case 3:
document.write("The value of a = 3");
break;
case 4:
document.write("The value of a = 4");
break;
case 5:
document.write("The value of a = 5");
break;
default:
document.write("The value of a does not match any case");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Output :
The value of a = 5
2. For Char values
Example :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<script>
var a = 'C';
switch(a){
case 'A':
document.write("The value of a = A");
break;
case 'B':
document.write("The value of a = B");
break;
case 'C':
document.write("The value of a = C");
break;
case 'D':
document.write("The value of a = D");
break;
case 'E':
document.write("The value of a = E");
break;
default:
document.write("The value of a does not match any case");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Output :
The value of a = C
3. For String values
Example :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<script>
var a = 'Abdul';
switch(a){
case 'Antony':
document.write("The value of a = Antony");
break;
case 'Mark':
document.write("The value of a = Mark");
break;
case 'Robert':
document.write("The value of a = Robert");
break;
case 'Abdul':
document.write("The value of a = Abdul");
break;
case 'Kurt':
document.write("The value of a = Kurt");
break;
default:
document.write("The value of a does not match any case");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Output :
The value of a = Abdul
4. Nested Switch Case
Example :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<script>
var a = 'Abdul';
var b = 'B';
switch(a){
case 'Antony':
document.write("The value of a = Antony <br/>");
break;
case 'Mark':
document.write("The value of a = Mark <br/>");
break;
case 'Robert':
document.write("The value of a = Robert <br/>");
break;
case 'Abdul':
document.write("The value of a = Abdul <br/>");
switch(b){
case 'A':
document.write("The value of b = A");
break;
case 'B':
document.write("The value of b = B");
break;
case 'C':
document.write("The value of b = C");
break;
default:
document.write("The value of b does not match any case");
}
break;
case 'Kurt':
document.write("The value of a = Kurt <br/>");
break;
default:
document.write("The value of a does not match any case");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Output :
The value of a = Abdul
The value of b = B